during和within的区别如题.
如题.
during during介词,后接名词,做句子中做时间状语 在...的期间, throughout a period of time He He swims every day during the summer 夏天期间他天天去。 during常和"the"连用。 在...时间内,within a period of time No No visitors called during your absence 你不在的时候没有人来访。 during durin侧重表达时间方面,"在这段时间,而不是在那段时间。" 在某事进行过程中的某一时间,at a particular time 常用词组: during the lesson during the summer, during his lifetime, during his speech during the war during the performance, during the whole time during the meal, during the night prep. 1. 在...的整个期间 Don't speak during the meal. 吃饭时别说话。 2. 在...期间的某一时候 They met and fell in love with each other during the Second World War. 他们在第二次世界大战期间相遇并相爱。 within 介词within的一般含义是“在……范围内”,既可指空间限度,亦可指时间限度,强调“在……之内而不超出”之意。但此介词在科技英语中,特别是用于“标准”(Standard)、“规范”(specification)和“图纸”(drawing)时,则往往含有“偏差(误差)不得超过规定范围”之意。译时务必小心,否则就会差之毫厘,失之千里。试看下面例句: 1. The gross and usable capacity of type I production tanks shall be within the range of 0 to +3 percent up to a maximum of 0 to +15 gallons of the designed gross and usable capacities of the tank. 误:I型产品油箱的总容积和有效容积应在其相应设计值的0~+3%范围内,最大偏差可达0~15加仑。 正:I型产品油箱的总容积和有效容积对其相应设计值的偏差应在0~3%范围内,最大偏差可达0~15加仑。 2. Cf obtained with MD-2 tester should be within +_1.5% of the calculated Cf. 误:由MD-2试验器测得的Cf值应在Cf计算值的+_1.5%范围内。 正:由MD-2试验器测得的Cf值相对于Cf计算值的偏差应在+_1.5%范围内。 within的这种用法,在图纸的技术要求中尤为多见。例如: 3. 3 boss faces (are ) to lie in a plane within .010 relative to any one boss. 三个凸台端面应在一个平面内,相互间的偏差不大于0.010。 4. Face C (is) to be flat within 0.002 T.I.R. 端面C的平面度误差应不大于.002总指示读数。 由上述诸例可见,在科技英语中,X shall (or should) be within N of Y可以作为一个句型来掌握,其中N常为一表示误差范围的数,如百分数、数值范围等。可译为“X相对于Y的偏差(或误差)应在N范围内(或不得大于N)”。而切不可译为“X应在Y的N范围内”。此时within所表达的限度是以Y为基准而言的,意即X相对于Y的变化范围不超过N;of则当作“对……而言”解,而不作“……的”解。实际上,这与within的本意及其在普通英语中的用法并不矛盾。例如,我们说It is within three miles of the station. 意即“它离车站不到三英里”。根据上述公式,这句话表示它位于以车站为圆心、半径为3英里的一个圆形区域内。