设n次多项式函数满足f(k)=k/(k+1)(k=0,1,2,.?
设n次多项式满足f(k)=k/(k+1) (k=0,1,2,...,n),求f(n+1)
由题设有: (k+1)f(k)-k=0 (k=0,1,2,...,n), 因而n+1次多项式g(x)=(x+1)f(x)-x...① 有n+1个根x=0,1,2,...,n.于是g(x)=ax(x-1)(x-2)...(x-n)...② 其中a为待定系数,在①②中令x=-1,得 1=a[(-1)^(n+1)](n+1)!, 即 a=[(-1)^(n+1)]/(n+1)!. 从而知道多项式函数为 f(x)=1/(x+1)*{[(-1)^(n+1)]/(n+1)!*x(x-1)(x-2)...(x-n)+x}. 由此得 f(n+1)=[(-1)^(n+1)+(n+1)]=1 (n为奇数) f(n+1)=n/(n+2) (n为偶数).